جودة العلاقة بين الوالدين والأبناء في ضوء بعض المتغيرات الديموجرافية

المؤلف

أستاذ مساعد علم النفس الإرشادي - کلية الدراسات العليا للتربية - جامعة القاهرة

المستخلص

سعت الدراسة إلى الوقوف على الفروق في متوسطات درجات جودة علاقة الوالدين بالأبناء کما يدرکها کلٌّ منهما بحسب خصائص الوالدين (النوع الاجتماعي- السن - المؤهل الدراسي - عدد سنوات الزواج - وعدد الأبناء)، وبحسب خصائص الأبناء (النوع الاجتماعي- السن - والمرحلة التعليمية)، بالإضافة إلى الوقوف على طبيعة العلاقات بين جودة العلاقة بين الوالدين والأبناء  وکلٍّ من خصائص الوالدين وخصائص الأبناء، وأخيرًا تحديد مدى إسهام هذه المتغيرات في التنبؤ بجودة العلاقة بين الوالدين والأبناء لدى عينة من الآباء والأمهات وأبنائهم. وقد بلغت عينة الدراسة (115) فردًا من الآباء والأمهات، منهم (69) أمًّا، و(46) أبًا. کما بلغت عينة الأبناء (115) فردًا، منهم (45) من الذکور و(70) من الإناث، وقد استخدمت الدراسة مقياس جودة العلاقة بين الوالدين والأبناء بصورتيه (صورة الوالدين وصورة الأبناء)، کما استخدمت اختبار "ت" لعينتين مستقلتين، ومعاملات ارتباط بيرسون، ومعاملات الارتباط ثنائي التسلسل Point-biserial correlation، وتحليل الانحدار الخطي المتعدد  بطريقةStepwise  للتنبؤ بجودة العلاقة بين الوالدين والأبناء. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى النتائج الآتية: وجود فروق دالة إحصائيًّا في جودة العلاقة بين الوالدين والأبناء کما يدرکها الأبناء بحسب المؤهل الدراسي للوالدين لصالح مؤهل الدراسات العليا، ووجود علاقة ارتباطية طردية بين جودة العلاقة بين الوالدين والأبناء - کما يدرکها کلٌّ من الوالدين والأبناء - والمؤهل الدراسي للوالدين، بمعنى أنه کلما ارتفع المؤهل الدراسي للوالدين ارتفعت جودة العلاقة بينهما وبين أبنائهما کما يدرکها کلٌّ منهما. وأشارت النتائج إلى أن متغير المؤهل الدراسي الأعلى للوالدين استطاع أن يتنبأ بجودة العلاقة المرتفعة بين الوالدين والأبناء کما يدرکها کلٌّ منهما .

الكلمات الرئيسية

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