Second Chance Education for Adults in Egypt, Australia, and Sweden: A Comparative Study

This research aimed to identify the Intellectual foundations of second chance education for adults in Contemporary educational literature, and analysis the current status of its education in Egypt, Australia, and Sweden, according to the cultural context of each, and to identify similarities and differences and explain them according to social sciences, and to reach procedures to develop its education in Egypt according to the experiences of the Australia, and Sweden, and in a manner consistent with the cultural conditions of Egyptian society. The comparative approach was used. The research concluded that second chance education for adults targets many learners seeking Continuing education and lifelong learning. Second chance education is based on individualization and flexibility to meet learners' needs. There are significant challenges and issues facing second chance education for adults in Egypt, including deficiencies in the legislation, laws, and regulations governing this education, ad hoc planning, the absence of a strategic plan specifically for this education, lack of expert leadership to manage their system efficiently, and insufficient government funding to support this education with the necessary resources for continuous development. There is a strong motivation for both Australia and Sweden to focus on second chance education for adults, which is to meet the educational needs of students who could not complete their education and succeed in traditional education, as well as to assist students at risk of dropping out and academic failure, who may be exposed to physical, emotional, and social harm. They have successfully implemented various models of second-chance education, including different forms of schools and programs to meet the individual needs of students. The research suggested a set of procedures to develop this education, according to several dimensions represented in: the philosophy of second chance education for adults, its goals, types of programs, institutional governance, and financing.